Comparison of the application methods and effects of skin flaps in the repair of defects in different parts of the nose according to the concept of aesthetic nosesubunits / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To analyze the difference of application methods and effects of local flap in small and medium-sized defects of different aesthetic subunits of nose, in order to provide reference for clinical work. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on 59 patients with external nasal masses and scars who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from July 1, 2021 to January 30, 2022, including 27 females and 32 males, aged 15 to 69 years. Using Likert scale, the repair methods and effects of local flap for nasal soft tissue defects were evaluated and summarized from three aspects of texture, flatness and scar concealment. GraphPad Prism 5.0 software was used for data statistics and analysis. Results: The use of skin flaps to repair small and medium-sized areas of the nose could achieve satisfactory results. For patients with different subunits, in terms of skin flatness and scar concealment degree in the operation area, patients' satisfaction with the dorsal and lateral nasal areas was higher than that of the alar and tip areas, respectively (F=6.40, P=0.001; F=10.57, P<0.001). For patients with different skin flap repair methods, the satisfaction of patients with Z-plasty and Dufourmentel skin flap was higher than that of other skin flap repair methods (F=4.38, P=0.002), and the satisfaction of patients with Dufourmentel skin flap was the highest in the degree of scar concealment (F=2.57, P=0.038). Conclusions: In the small and medium-sized defects of the nose, the use of multiple local flaps can achieve good cosmetic effects and functional recovery. The operator should select the appropriate flap repair method according to the characteristics of different aesthetic subunits of the nose.

Cloning and catalytic analysis of Isatis indigotica chalcone isomerase in vitro / 中国中药杂志

Chalcone isomerase is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of flavonoids in higher plants, which determines the production of flavonoids in plants. In this study, RNA was extracted from different parts of Isatis indigotica and reverse-transcribed into cDNA. Specific primers with enzyme restriction sites were designed, and a chalcone isomerase gene was cloned from I. indigotica, named IiCHI. IiCHI was 756 bp in length, containing a complete open reading frame and encoding 251 amino acids. Homology analysis showed that IiCHI was closely related to CHI protein of Arabidopsis thaliana and had typical active sites of chalcone isomerase. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that IiCHI was classified into type Ⅰ CHI clade. Recombinant prokaryotic expression vector pET28a-IiCHI was constructed and purified to obtain IiCHI recombinant protein. In vitro enzymatic analysis showed that the IiCHI protein could convert naringenin chalcone into naringenin, but could not catalyze the production of liquiritigenin by isoliquiritigenin. The results of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) showed that the expression level of IiCHI in the aboveground parts was higher than that in the underground parts and the expression level was the highest in the flowers of the aboveground parts, followed by leaves and stems, and no expression was observed in the roots and rhizomes of the underground parts. This study has confirmed the function of chalcone isomerase in I. indigotica and provided references for the biosynthesis of flavonoid components.

Clinical evaluation of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of early and middle stage knee osteoarthritis under 3.0T MRI T2 mapping sequence / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To quantitatively evaluate the clinical effect of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) intra-articular injection for early and middle stage knee osteoarthritis(KOA) treatment by 3.0T MRI T2 mapping sequence. Methods: Clinical data of 26 patients with early or middle stage KOA who received treatment from April to December 2021 at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital,Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. In total, 8 patients were male and 18 were female,with age of (66.4±12.0)years(range:51 to 94 years). Four patients were bilateral KOA and 22 patients were unilateral KOA.All patients received PRP intra-articular injection. Patients underwent 3.0T MRI T2 mapping sequence scanning pre-treatment,3-month-after and 6-month-after treatment respectively. Those were used to measure and compare T2 values of medial and lateral femoral articular surface and patellofemoral articular surface. Visual analogue scale(VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score were recorded and evaluated. The results were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test.The correlation between WOMAC scores and T2 values at pre-treatment and 6 months post-treatment was analyzed using Pearson correlation test. Results: After treatment, the patients' International Cartilage Regeneration＆Joint Preservation Society(ICRS) classification were partly improved(one case improved from grade Ⅲ to grade Ⅱ, one case improved from grade Ⅱ to grade Ⅰ),and all patients generally improved after treatment in clinical symptoms. Compared with pre-treatment,VAS and WOMAC scores of grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ of 6-month after treatment were declined significantly(all P<0.05).The T2 values of articular cartilage declined to varying degrees(the decrease in T2 values was about 2.06 ms in grade Ⅰ, 2.66 ms in grade Ⅱ, and 3.72 ms in grade Ⅲ).Three-month (VAS:4.8±1.3,WOMAC:21.5±4.0) and 6-month (VAS:4.2±1.4,WOMAC:17.2±2.9) after treatment, the VAS and WOMAC score were significantly higher than those before treatment (VAS:6.0±1.2, WOMAC:29.0±2.3) (F=48.846, F=346.746;both P<0.01). Multiple comparisons showed a statistically significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment VAS (P<0.01) and it also was significantly different between 3-month and 6-month post-treatment (P<0.01).At 3- and 6-month after treatment,WOMAC scores were significantly different from before treatment.And it also was significantly different between 3-month and 6-month post-treatment (P<0.01).There was a statistically significant improvement in T2 values of patellofemoral articular surface, medial and lateral femoral articular surface at pre-treatment((44.64±4.02)ms,(44.17±3.64)ms and(43.53±3.91)ms) and 3-month ((43.19±3.91)ms,(43.24±3.34)ms and (42.47±3.80)ms), 6-month ((41.49±3.64)ms,(41.83±3.15)ms and (41.10±3.42)ms) after treatment(F=148.845,F=73.657,F=86.268;all P<0.01).The results of the multiple comparisons showed a statistically significant difference in the T2 values of medial and lateral femoral articular surface and patellofemoral articular surface at each time point(all P<0.01).The Pearson correlation analysis suggested that the WOMAC score at pre-treatment was positively correlated with the medial condyle (r=0.856,P<0.01) and the patellofemoral joint surface T2 values (r=0.840,P<0.01);The WOMAC score at 6-month post-treatment was positively correlated with the medial condyle (r=0.731,P<0.01) and the patellofemoral joint surface T2 values (r=0.691,P<0.01). Conclusions: In the treatment of early and mid-stage KOA,MRI T2 mapping sequences are able to indicate the integrity of cartilage morphology and quantitatively evaluate cartilage repair. PRP has a good therapeutic effect on cartilage repair and reconstruction.

Mechanism of Marsdenia tenacissima against ovarian cancer based on network pharmacology and experimental verification / 中国中药杂志

The present study aimed to explore the main active components and underlying mechanisms of Marsdenia tenacissima in the treatment of ovarian cancer(OC) through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro cell experiments. The active components of M. tenacissima were obtained from the literature search, and their potential targets were obtained from SwissTargetPrediction. The OC-related targets were retrieved from Therapeutic Target Database(TTD), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM), GeneCards, and PharmGKB. The common targets of the drug and the disease were screened out by Venn diagram. Cytoscape was used to construct an "active component-target-disease" network, and the core components were screened out according to the node degree. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network of the common targets was constructed by STRING and Cytoscape, and the core targets were screened out according to the node degree. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of potential therapeutic targets were carried out with DAVID database. Molecular docking was used to determine the binding activity of some active components to key targets by AutoDock. Finally, the anti-OC activity of M. tenacissima extract was verified based on SKOV3 cells in vitro. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was selected for in vitro experimental verification according to the results of GO function and KEGG pathway analyses. Network pharmacology results showed that 39 active components, such as kaempferol, 11α-O-benzoyl-12β-O-acetyltenacigenin B, and drevogenin Q, were screened out, involving 25 core targets such as AKT1, VEGFA, and EGFR, and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was the main pathway of target protein enrichment. The results of molecular docking also showed that the top ten core components showed good binding affinity to the top ten core targets. The results of in vitro experiments showed that M. tenacissima extract could significantly inhibit the proliferation of OC cells, induce apoptosis of OC cells through the mitochondrial pathway, and down-regulate the expression of proteins related to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study shows that M. tenacissima has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway synergistic effect in the treatment of OC, which provides a theoretical basis for in-depth research on the material basis, mechanism, and clinical application.

Progress in application of adult endogenous neurogenesis in brain injury repair / 生理学报

Persistent neurogenesis exists in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the ventricles and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in the adult mammalian brain. Adult endogenous neurogenesis not only plays an important role in the normal brain function, but also has important significance in the repair and treatment of brain injury or brain diseases. This article reviews the process of adult endogenous neurogenesis and its application in the repair of traumatic brain injury (TBI) or ischemic stroke, and discusses the strategies of activating adult endogenous neurogenesis to repair brain injury and its practical significance in promoting functional recovery after brain injury.

Research progress on muscle spindle morphology / 生理学报

Muscle spindle is the key proprioceptor in skeletal muscles and plays important roles in many physiological activities, such as maintaining posture, regulating movement and controlling speed variation. It has significant clinical relevance and is emerging as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of motor functional impairment and metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarized muscle spindle distribution and the mechanism of mechanical signal transmission, and reviewed the research progress on morphological and structural characteristics of muscle spindles.

Visual analysis of literature knowledge structure and acupoint matching rules of acupuncture for depression / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the literature knowledge structure and acupoint matching rules of acupuncture for depression.@*METHODS@#The articles regarding acupuncture for depression published from January 1 of 1984 to October 19 of 2020 were searched in CNKI database. CiteSpace5.7.R2 software was used to import the literature data, and the keyword cluster analysis, emergence analysis and time-zone analysis of articles and acupoints were conducted, and the map of scientific knowledge was draw.@*RESULTS@#A total of 3524 articles were included to the knowledge structure analysis, while 601 articles into the acupoint matching rules analysis. There were 13 keyword clusters of acupuncture for depression, with "post-stroke depression" and "electroacupuncture treatment" as high-frequency keywords, and "electroacupuncture treatment" and "Hamilton depression scale" had high centrality, and "electroacupuncture treatment" had the highest emergence intensity. The keywords such as "electroacupuncture treatment" and "Hamilton depression scale", etc. appeared the earliest, followed by "post-stroke depression", "fluoxetine" and "auricular point therapy", etc. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, acupoint keywords were divided into four clusters: ①core acupoint, ②replenishing-spleen and dispelling phlegm, dispersing-liver and relieving depression, reinforcing @*CONCLUSION@#The main knowledge structure of acupuncture for depression includes five parts: treatment method, depression type, TCM-related diseases, literature type and curative effect index. Clinical acupoint matching should adhere to the principle of "focusing the disease before syndrome" and "combination of disease and syndrome", and treatment should be modified for the syndromes of phlegm stagnation blocking, liver-stagnation and

Physalin B reduces Aβ secretion through down-regulation of BACE1 expression by activating FoxO1 and inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation / 中国天然药物

Physalin B (PB), one of the major active steroidal constituents of Solanaceae Physalis plants, has a wide variety of biological activities. We found that PB significantly down-regulated β-amyloid (Aβ) secretion in N2a/APPsw cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In the current study, we investigated the changes in key enzymes involved in β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism and other APP metabolites by treating N2a/APPsw cells with PB at different concentrations. The results indicated that PB reduced Aβ secretion, which was caused by down-regulation of β-secretase (BACE1) expression, as indicated at both the protein and mRNA levels. Further research revealed that PB regulated BACE1 expression by inducing the activation of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In addition, the effect of PB on BACE1 expression and Aβ secretion was reversed by treatment with FoxO1 siRNA and STAT3 antagonist S3I-201. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that PB can effectively down-regulate the expression of BACE1 to reduce Aβsecretion by activating the expression of FoxO1 and inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3.

Organ specific differences in alteration of aquaporin expression in rats treated with sennoside A, senna anthraquinones and rhubarb anthraquinones / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE Senna and rhubarb are classified as stimulative laxatives, and known to have similar effec?tive constituents, the anthraquinones. Being protected by theβ-glucoside bond, the anthraquinones can reach the intes?tines where they are degraded into complex metabolites by enzymes secreted from the intestinal microbiome. It is these complex metabolites that produce the laxative effects. Then the similarities and differences of action between the anthra?quinones require further elucidation. METHODS Here, we studied metabolites of senna anthraquinones (SAQ), rhubarb anthraquinones (RAQ) and their chemical marker, sennoside A (SA), in a rat diarrhea model. In the in vitro biotransfor?mation experiments, SAQ, RAQ and SA were incubated with rat fecal flora solution and the metabolites produced were analyzed using HPLC. In the in vivo studies, the same compounds were investigated for purgation induction, with mea?surement of histopathology and multiple aquaporins (Aqps) gene expression in six organs. RESULTS SAQ and RAQ had similar principal constituents but could be degraded into different metabolites. A similar profile of Aqps down-regula?tion for all compounds was seen in the colon, suggesting a similar mechanism of action for purgation. However, in the kidneys and livers of the diarrhea-rats, down-regulation of Aqps was found in the RAQ-rats whereas up-regulation of Aqps was seen in the SAQ-rats. Furthermore, the RAQ-rats showed lower aquaporin 2 (Aqp2) protein expression in the kidneys, whilst the SA-rats and SAQ-rats had higher Aqp2 protein expression in the kidneys. This may have implications for side effects of SAQ or RAQ in patients with chronic kidney or liver diseases. CONCLUSION SAQ and RAQ showed similar laxative actions with a similar mechanism, they could display different actions in rat kidneys and livers. We suggest that the clinical usage of senna or rhubarb products should be clarified for patients having chronic kidney or liver diseases.

Evaluation of Residual Stepping Ability in Monkeys with Spinal Cord Injury / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To evaluate the residual stepping ability in monkeys with spinal cord injury longitudinally. Methods:Four adult female monkeys were studied. Right hemisection of 10 mm spinal cord tissue was performed at the T7-9 segment. Gait tests of bipedal locomotion were performed before, and six weeks and twelve weeks after injury by VICON system. Gait cycle duration, amplitude of knee and ankle angles, and ratio of united parameters were obtained from successive stepping and were quantitative analyzed. Results:The coordination of bilateral hindlimbs was destroyed after spinal cord injury, and the right hindlimb showed obviously dragging. The gait cycle duration of the left hindlimb increased significantly (P < 0.001), and the amplitudes of knee and ankle angle significantly increased (P < 0.001) after spinal cord injury. The ratio of united parameters was not statistically different among all the time points (P > 0.05). The gait cycle duration of the left hindlimb was correlated with step length (r = 0.838, P = 0.001), step height (r = 0.726, P = 0.007) and amplitude of ankle angle (r = 0.766, P = 0.004), and the amplitude of ankle angle was correlated with step length (r = 0.627, P = 0.029). Conclusion:The gait pattern of monkey with spinal cord injury has been changed. The gait strategy of the uninjured side was adjusted compensatively after spinal cord injury to adapt the functional impairment of contralateral hindlimb.

Discussion on advantages and disadvantages in prevention and control of emerging infectious disease in Wuhan / 上海预防医学

On the basis of systematic evaluation of 32 provincial capital cities and municipalities in their capacity for preventing and controlling emerging infectious diseases, focus analysis is made on Wuhan in relation to its advantages and disadvantages as follows:There has been a legal basis for epidemic prevention according to law, but it has not translated into effective action.There has been an organizational basis for responding to epidemic, but coordination mechanism has not been effectively established.The management mechanism has been complete, but the division of responsibilities among different departments has not been clear.The monitoring network has been set up, but its role of "predictive warning" has not been played.Insufficiency of public health service delivery was observed owing to lack of financial investment.In cities of China, advantages and disadvantages have been both existent in their capacity to prevent and control of emerging infectious disease.We should be vigilant in this regard. It is imperative to "fill defects, stop leaks and strengthen weakness".There is a Chinese saying:"It is not too late to mend a fold after the sheep have been stolen".

Impacts and strategies for the disease control and prevention system in the COVID-19 outbreak / 上海预防医学

The outbreak of COVID-19 has exposed many shortcomings in disease control and prevention system (DCPS) of China.Resolving the problems and strengthening the DCPS became the top priority on China′s public policy agenda.This paper reveals the problems of the DCPS system regarding policy-making, regulations, operation mechanism and staff, and proposes several strategies from three aspects of legal construction, management system, and operation mechanism, including:"Prevention first" should be incorporated into the national legal system, all the departments should be engaged in "Healthy China 2030" initiative, laws and regulations should be amended, new disease prevention and control management institutions should be set up, a high-quality professional team should be retained, the regional health information exchange channels should be strengthened, the coordinated mechanism for disease prevention and control should be normalized, the long-term investment mechanism should be established, and the equipment renewal and reserve system should be improved.

Delivery of miR-375 and doxorubicin hydrochloride by lipid bilayer coated hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles for liver cancer therapy / 药学学报

This study was designed to prepare a novel lipid bilayer coated hollow mesoporous silica nanocarrier for co-delivery of gene drugs and chemotherapeutic drugs to enhance the inhibitory activity of antitumor drugs in hepatoma cells. Hollow mesoporous silica was synthesized by modified StÖber method. Lipid-fusion principle was used to prepare lipid-hollow co-loaded doxorubicin (DOX) and miR-375 (LHMSN-DOX/miR-375). Meanwhile, the morphology, particle size, surface potential, drug loading and release were characterized in vitro. The inhibition of cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion was then evaluated. The results indicated that the core-shell structure of LHMSN-DOX/miR-375 was clear with an intact outer lipid membrane and an ordered internal HMSN mesoporous structure. The drug release amount was pH responsive while the drug was rapidly released under simulated intracellular acidic conditions relative to normal physiological environment. Compared with free DOX, LHMSN-DOX/miR-375 can deliver DOX and miR-375 to liver cancer cells and inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of cells more effectively.

A landscape of transcriptome analysis of three sclerotia growth stages in Polyporus umbellatus / 中国中药杂志

Polyporus umbellatus,a traditional Chinese precious medicine as long been used for eliminating dampness,diuresis and have effect on cancer,getting more and more popularly in China recently. And the developmental metabolic process of the medicinal fungus,P. umbellatus,has been gotten more attention. This study is for the first time to explore the three sclerotial growth stages in P. umbellatus,named " white Polyporus"( initial phase), " grey Polyporus"( developmental phase) and " black Polyporus"( mature phase),by utilizing the de novo transcriptome assembly analysis technology. Finally,we obtained 88. 12 Gb sequence containing85 235 unigenes( ≥200 bp) assembled and 100% were annotated. We identified genes differentially expressed among the three stages of the sclerotia and screened out MFSgst,ERG4/ERG24,WD40,Rho A,CYP450,PKS,GSase and CHS1,which may contribute to the production of medicinal secondary metabolites and the defense mechanism against the environmental stress and biological invasion. We did the qRT-PCR trial to verify our results,which is in line with expectations. Our results are purposed to unearth the molecular mechanism of the accumulation of active constituents in different stages of Polyporus sclerotia which can be applied in the production and protection of Polyporus effectively.

Clinical Analysis of Efficacy and Prognosis in 300 Cases of Hematological Malignancies Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the treatment of malignant hematopathy and its influencing factors.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 300 cases received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to malignant hematological diseases in Zhu Jiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2010 to June 2018 were analyzed retrospectively, and the factors affecting hematopoietic reconstruction, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between haploidentical HSCT and HLA matched HSCT.@*RESULTS@#The hematopoietic reconstitution rate, incidence of GVHD, posttransplant recurrence rate and disease-free survival (DFS) were not statistically different between HLA-metched and haploidentical colorts. However, compared with HLA-matched HSCT group the time of platelet implantation was prolonged, the recurrence-related mortality was higher, and the overall survival (OS) rate was lower in the haploidentical HSCT group. Univariate analyses showed that non-remission before transplantation, and grade Ⅲ, Ⅳ aGVHD were the risk factors for OS in both groups (P＜0.05). The age than 40 years old at the time of transplantation and unrelated donors were risk factors for OS in haploidentical HSCT group (P＜0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that non-remission before transplantation and grade Ⅲ, Ⅳ aGVHD were independent prognostic indictor for OS with relative risk (RR) of 4.4 (95% CI,1.5-13.4), 9.3 (95% CI,2.3-37.0), 11.0 (95% CI,3.2-37.3) (P＜0.05) in HLA-matched HSCT group. Unrelated donor, high-risk group, and gradeⅣaGVHD were independent prognostic indictors for OS with relative risk (RR) of 7.4 (95% CI,2.3-23.1), 2.4 (95% CI,1.3-4.5), 4.1(95% CI,1.6-10.5) (P＜0.05) in haploidentical HSCT group.@*CONCLUSION@#The comprehensive curative effect of HLA-matched HSCT is better than the haploidentical HSCT in hematological malignancies. In haploidentical HSCT the selecting related donor is better than unrelated donors, which required more platelet transfusion support.

Analysis of Prognostic Factors for 96 Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics and clinical prognostic factors of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-six ALL patients in our hospital from June 2012 to August 2014 were selected and their clinical data were collected. The related clinical data of patients were recorded, and the relation between clinical characteristics and therapeutic efficacy was analyzed. The COX analysis was used to reveal the risk factors affecting the patient's OS and DFS time.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 96 ALL patients, 65 patients achieved complete remission (CR) after treatment. The age, immunophenotype, central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) and peripheral blood WBC count correlated with complete remission (P<0.05). The age, WBC count, platelet level, immune typing and consolidation therapy were the prognostic factors (P<0.05), the 2 year OS rate was influenced by age, WBC count, CD34 and consolidation therapy (P<0.05), the 2 year DFS rate was influenced by age, CD34 and consolidation therapy (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Age, WBC counts, CD34 and consolidated treatment after remission are prognostic factors for ALL patients, which has guiding significance for clinical treatment of ALL.</p>

Electrophysiological characteristics of hippocampal postnatal early development mediated by AMPA receptors in rats / 生理学报

The present study was aimed to investigate the electrophysiological characteristics of hippocampal postnatal early development mediated by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors in rats. Forty-eight Wistar rats were divided into postnatal 0.5-, 1-, 2- and 3-month groups (n = 12). Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) mediated by AMPA receptors were recorded to evaluate the changes in the intrinsic membrane properties of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons by using patch-clamp and MED64 planar microelectrode array technique respectively. The results showed that, during the period of postnatal 0.5-3 months, some of the intrinsic membrane properties of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, such as the membrane capacitance (Cm) and the resting membrane potential (RMP), showed no significant changes, while the membrane input resistance (Rin) and the time constant (τ) of the cells were decreased significantly. The amplitude, frequency and kinetics (both rise and decay times) of sEPSCs were significantly increased during the period of postnatal 0.5-1 month, but they were all decreased during the period of postnatal 1-3 months. In addition, the range of evoked fEPSPs in hippocamal CA1 region was significantly expanded, but the fEPSP amplitudes were decreased significantly during the period of postnatal 0.5-3 months. Furthermore, the evoked fEPSPs could be significantly inhibited by extracellular application of the AMPA receptor antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX). These results suggest that AMPA receptor may act as a major type of excitatory receptor to regulate synaptic transmission and connections during the early stage of hippocampal postnatal development, which promotes the development and functional maturation of hippocampus in rats.

Effects of Electroacupuncture on Learning and Memory Ability and Brain Inflammatory Factor in Rats with Vascular Cognitive Impairment / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on the learning and memory ability and cerebral cortex inflammatory factor of rats with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI); To discuss the mechanism of electroacupuncture for preventing and treating VCI. Methods VCI rat models were made in microemboli injection through internal carotid artery method. The successful modeled rats were randomly divided into model group, positive medicine group and electroacupuncture group, and normal rats were taken as control group. Three days after rat models were established, the positive medicine group was given donepezil hydrochlorideby gavage, and electroacupuncture group was given electroacupuncture at "Baihui" and "Zusanli" acupoints. After treatment, the learning and memory ability was detected by Morris water maze test. The contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in rat brain tissue were detected by ELISA. Results The water maze results showed that with the increase of the number of training, the average escape latency of rats to find platform in positive medicine group and electroacupuncture group all had different degrees of shortening in positioning cruise experiment; in space exploration experiment, positive medicine group and electroacupuncture group to cross the platform area for the first time were significantly reduced compared with the model group; compared with the control group, the contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in the model group were increased significantly; compared with the model group, the contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-β in postive medicine group and electroacupuncture group were decreased. Conclusion Electroacupuncture at "Baihui"and "Zusanli" acupoints can decrease the contents of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in the cortex of VCI rats, and improve the learning and memory ability of rats.

Expression of cytokeratin(CK)7, CK8/18, CK19 and p40 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and their correlation with prognosis / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the expression of cytokeratin (CK)7, CK8/18, CK19 and p40 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its significances. @*Methods@#One hundred and ninety cases of surgically resected ESCCs and 154 normal esophageal tissues as control were collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in 2012.Of the 190 ESCC cases including 116 male and 74 female, aged 28-82 (60.3±8.6) years, 88 cases <60 years old and 102 cases ≥60 years old. Tissue sections were immunostained for CK7, CK8/18, CK19 and p40, and the expression was evaluated and correlated with the clinicopathologic findings and outcome. @*Results@#CK19 and p40 were expressed in 190 cases of ESCCs; with 147 cases (77.4%) and 151 cases (79.5%) showing high p40 and CK19 expression, respectively; while 43 cases (22.6%) and 39 cases (20.5%) showed low p40 and CK19 expression, respectively. The low expression groups showed more lymph node metastases and higher pTNM stages compared to the high expression groups. The high CK19 expression group showed better prognosis than the low expression group (P<0.01); p40 expression was not correlated with prognosis(P>0.05). In contrast, CK7 and CK8/18 expression was only seen in 29 cases (15.3%) and 59 cases (31.1%) of ESCCs, respectively, and their expression correlated significantly with the degree of tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The prognosis in the CK7 negative group was better than that in the CK7 positive group. Similar results were found in CK8/18 expression. Multivariate analysis revealed that pTNM stages, low CK19 expression and CK8/18 expression were independent prognostic factors. @*Conclusions@#Low p40 expression and the expression of CK7 and CK8/18 cannot exclude poorly-differentiated ESCCs.CK7 and CK8/18 expression and low CK19 and p40 expression in the ESCCs are associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. Decreased expression of CK19 and positive expression of CK8/18 in ESCCs are independent prognostic markers.

Meta-analysis for the Efficacy and Safety of Qiliqiangxin Capsule in Treating the Patients With Chronic Heart Failure / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of qiliqiangxin capsule in treating the patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods: We searched the databases of Pubmed, EMBASE, Web of science, Wanfang, VIP, CBM and CNKI from 2007-01 to 2017-03 to collect the randomized trials of qiliqiangxin capsule in treating CHF patients. Blood levels of NT-proBNP, 6 minutes walkingdistance (6MWD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (MLHFQ) scores were compared between qiliqiangxin capsule treated patients and control patients. Results: A total of 22 randomized trials were finally enrolled which included 1988 patients by 2 groups: Qiliqiangxin capsule group, n=1002 and Control group, n=986. Patients were followed-up at the mean 6.5 months. Compared with Control group, Qiliqiangxin capsule group had decreased blood level of NT-proBNP, weighted mean difference (WMD)= -194.97, 95％ CI (-287.95 to -101.99), increased LVEF, WMD=5.24, 95％ CI (3.38-7.11), reduced LVEDD, WMD= -0.94, 95％ CI (-1.46 to -0.43), elevated 6MWD, WMD=53.81, 95％ CI (46.9-60.73), lower MLHFQ score WMD= -8.11, 95％ CI(-10.23 to -6.0) and less adverse events occurrence, OR=0.44, 95％ CI (0.25-0.79),P<0.01. Conclusion: Qiliqiangxin capsule was safe and effective for improving the cardiac function and quality of life in CHF patients.